Scripture Folios

The Soul

He restores my soul.

The Soul as Physical Life and Survival

The Soul as the Essential Self and Core Identity

The Natural Soul and the Spirit

The Battle for the Soul and Total Devotion


The Hebrew nephesh and the Greek psychē both begin with breathing life. Adam becomes a living nephesh when God breathes into him, and the life of the flesh is in the blood. So the same Greek word can be translated “life” or “soul,” and English Bibles switch between them, sometimes in consecutive verses: whoever wants to save his life will lose it; what will it profit a man to gain the whole world and forfeit his soul? It is the self that can be lost or kept, the one a psalmist talks to when it is downcast, the one Jesus says is consumed with sorrow to the point of death. Paul, James and Jude use its adjective for a person running on natural life alone: the natural man, earthly wisdom, people devoid of the Spirit. The word of God divides soul from spirit, and Paul prays for spirit, soul and body together. The desires of the flesh war against the soul, and the great commandment asks for all of it. The good shepherd lays down his own psychē for the sheep, and the strays return to the Shepherd and Overseer of their souls.